Commercial process for the synthesis of ammonia, NH_3. Pure hydrogen and nitrogen gases are mixed in
the appropriate proportion,
heated to between 450°C and
600°C, compressed to about
1,000 atmospheres pressure,
and passed over a catalyst. The reaction is 3H_2+N_2[right pointing harpoon over left
pointing harpoon] 2NH_3+heat. The ammonia gas is liquefied
by rapid cooling; unreacted
nitrogen and hydrogen are
returned to the reaction
chamber. This process,
developed by Fritz Haber in 1909, was the first
commercially important high-
pressure chemical process
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