THE HISTORY OF INTERNET IN A NUTSHELL
1969: Arpanet
- Tthe first real network to run on packet switching technology. On the October 29, 1969, computers at Stanford and UCLA connected for the first time.
1969: Unix
1969: Arpanet
- Tthe first real network to run on packet switching technology. On the October 29, 1969, computers at Stanford and UCLA connected for the first time.
1969: Unix
- The operating system whose design heavily influenced that of Linux and FreeBSD
1970: Arpanet network
- Established between Harvard, MIT, and BBN.
1971: Email
- Developed by Ray Tomlinson, who also made the decision to use the "@" symbol to separate the user name from the computer name.
1971: Project Gutenberg and eBooks
- It began when Michael Hart gained access to a large block of computing time and came to the realization that the future of computers wasn’t in computing itself, but in the storage, retrieval and searching of information that, at the time, was only contained in libraries. In effect, this was the birth of the eBook.
1972: CYCLADES
- France began its own Arpanet-like project in 1972, called CYCLADES. While Cyclades was eventually shut down, it did pioneer a key idea: the host computer should be responsible for data transmission rather than the network itself.
1973: The first trans-Atlantic connection with the University College of London.
1974: The beginning of TCP/IP
- A proposal was published to link Arpa-like networks together into a so-called "inter-network", which would have no central control and would work around a transmission control protocol (which eventually became TCP/IP).
1975: The email client
- With the popularity of emailing, the first modern email program was developed by John Vittal, a programmer at the University of Southern California in 1975.
1977: The PC modem
- Developed by Dennis Hayes and Dale Heatherington, was introduced and initially sold to computer hobbyists.
1978: The Bulletin Board System (BBS)
- Developed during a blizzard in Chicago in 1978.
1978: Spam is born
- The first unsolicited commercial email message (later known as spam), sent out to 600 California Arpanet users by Gary Thuerk.
1979: MUD - 'MultiUser Dungeon'
– The earliest form of multiplayer games.
1979: Usenet
- An internet-based discussion system, allowing people from around the globe to converse about the same topics by posting public messages categorized by newsgroups.
1980: ENQUIRE software
- The European Organization for Nuclear Research (better known as CERN) launched ENQUIRE (written by Tim Berners-Lee), a hypertext program that allowed scientists at the particle physics lab to keep track of people, software, and projects using hypertext (hyperlinks).
1982: The first emoticon
- It was Scott Fahlman in 1982 who proposed using :-) after a joke, rather than the original -) proposed by MacKenzie.
1983: Arpanet computers switch over to TCP/IP
1984: Domain Name System (DNS)
- It made addresses on the Internet more human-friendly compared to its numerical IP address counterparts
1985: Virtual communities
- Development of The WELL (short for Whole Earth ‘Lectronic Link), one of the oldest virtual communities still in operation. It was developed by Stewart Brand and Larry Brilliant.
1986: Protocol wars
- European countries at that time were pursuing the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), while the United States was using the Internet/Arpanet protocol, which eventually won out.
1987: The Internet grows
- There were nearly 30,000 hosts on the Internet.
1988: IRC – Internet Relay Chat
1988: First major malicious internet-based attack
- Referred to as "The Morris Worm", it was written by Robert Tappan Morris.
1989: AOL is launched
- AOL, still in existence today, made the Internet popular amongst the average internet users.
1989: The proposal for the World Wide Web
- It was originally called "Mesh"; the term "World Wide Web" was coined while Berners-Lee was writing the code in 1990.
1990: First commercial dial-up ISP - 'The World'
1990: World Wide Web protocols finished
1991: First web page created
1991: First content-based search protocol - 'Gopher'.
1991: MP3 becomes a standard for sharing of audio files.
1991: The first webcam - deployed at a Cambridge University computer lab.
1993: Mosaic – first graphical web browser for the general public.
1993: Governments join in on the fun
Both the White House and the United Nations came online, marking the beginning of the .gov and .org domain names.
1994: Netscape Navigator
1995: Commercialization of the internet
- SSL Encryption was developed
- eBay and Amazon started online businesses
1995: Geocities, the Vatican goes online, and JavaScript
1996: First web-based (webmail) service - 'HoTMaiL '
1997: The term "weblog" is coined
1998: First new story to be broken online instead of traditional media - Bill Clinton/Monica Lewinsky scandal
1998: Google!
1998: Internet-based file-sharing gets its roots - 'Napster'
2000: The bubble bursts - 'Dotcom collapse'
2001: Wikipedia is launched
2003: VoIP goes mainstream - 'Skype'
2003: MySpace becomes the most popular social network
2004: Web 2.0
2004: Social Media and Digg
2004: "The" Facebook open to college students
2005: YouTube – streaming video for the masses
2006: Twitter gets twittering
2007: Major move to place TV shows online - 'Hulu'
2007: The iPhone and the Mobile Web
2008: "Internet Election" - with the U.S. Presidential election.
2009: ICANN policy changes
1970: Arpanet network
- Established between Harvard, MIT, and BBN.
1971: Email
- Developed by Ray Tomlinson, who also made the decision to use the "@" symbol to separate the user name from the computer name.
1971: Project Gutenberg and eBooks
- It began when Michael Hart gained access to a large block of computing time and came to the realization that the future of computers wasn’t in computing itself, but in the storage, retrieval and searching of information that, at the time, was only contained in libraries. In effect, this was the birth of the eBook.
1972: CYCLADES
- France began its own Arpanet-like project in 1972, called CYCLADES. While Cyclades was eventually shut down, it did pioneer a key idea: the host computer should be responsible for data transmission rather than the network itself.
1973: The first trans-Atlantic connection with the University College of London.
1974: The beginning of TCP/IP
- A proposal was published to link Arpa-like networks together into a so-called "inter-network", which would have no central control and would work around a transmission control protocol (which eventually became TCP/IP).
1975: The email client
- With the popularity of emailing, the first modern email program was developed by John Vittal, a programmer at the University of Southern California in 1975.
1977: The PC modem
- Developed by Dennis Hayes and Dale Heatherington, was introduced and initially sold to computer hobbyists.
1978: The Bulletin Board System (BBS)
- Developed during a blizzard in Chicago in 1978.
1978: Spam is born
- The first unsolicited commercial email message (later known as spam), sent out to 600 California Arpanet users by Gary Thuerk.
1979: MUD - 'MultiUser Dungeon'
– The earliest form of multiplayer games.
1979: Usenet
- An internet-based discussion system, allowing people from around the globe to converse about the same topics by posting public messages categorized by newsgroups.
1980: ENQUIRE software
- The European Organization for Nuclear Research (better known as CERN) launched ENQUIRE (written by Tim Berners-Lee), a hypertext program that allowed scientists at the particle physics lab to keep track of people, software, and projects using hypertext (hyperlinks).
1982: The first emoticon
- It was Scott Fahlman in 1982 who proposed using :-) after a joke, rather than the original -) proposed by MacKenzie.
1983: Arpanet computers switch over to TCP/IP
1984: Domain Name System (DNS)
- It made addresses on the Internet more human-friendly compared to its numerical IP address counterparts
1985: Virtual communities
- Development of The WELL (short for Whole Earth ‘Lectronic Link), one of the oldest virtual communities still in operation. It was developed by Stewart Brand and Larry Brilliant.
1986: Protocol wars
- European countries at that time were pursuing the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), while the United States was using the Internet/Arpanet protocol, which eventually won out.
1987: The Internet grows
- There were nearly 30,000 hosts on the Internet.
1988: IRC – Internet Relay Chat
1988: First major malicious internet-based attack
- Referred to as "The Morris Worm", it was written by Robert Tappan Morris.
1989: AOL is launched
- AOL, still in existence today, made the Internet popular amongst the average internet users.
1989: The proposal for the World Wide Web
- It was originally called "Mesh"; the term "World Wide Web" was coined while Berners-Lee was writing the code in 1990.
1990: First commercial dial-up ISP - 'The World'
1990: World Wide Web protocols finished
1991: First web page created
1991: First content-based search protocol - 'Gopher'.
1991: MP3 becomes a standard for sharing of audio files.
1991: The first webcam - deployed at a Cambridge University computer lab.
1993: Mosaic – first graphical web browser for the general public.
1993: Governments join in on the fun
Both the White House and the United Nations came online, marking the beginning of the .gov and .org domain names.
1994: Netscape Navigator
1995: Commercialization of the internet
- SSL Encryption was developed
- eBay and Amazon started online businesses
1995: Geocities, the Vatican goes online, and JavaScript
1996: First web-based (webmail) service - 'HoTMaiL '
1997: The term "weblog" is coined
1998: First new story to be broken online instead of traditional media - Bill Clinton/Monica Lewinsky scandal
1998: Google!
1998: Internet-based file-sharing gets its roots - 'Napster'
2000: The bubble bursts - 'Dotcom collapse'
2001: Wikipedia is launched
2003: VoIP goes mainstream - 'Skype'
2003: MySpace becomes the most popular social network
2004: Web 2.0
2004: Social Media and Digg
2004: "The" Facebook open to college students
2005: YouTube – streaming video for the masses
2006: Twitter gets twittering
2007: Major move to place TV shows online - 'Hulu'
2007: The iPhone and the Mobile Web
2008: "Internet Election" - with the U.S. Presidential election.
2009: ICANN policy changes
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